Physiotherapy · Advice letter · Beginner

Physiotherapy — Advice Letter on Home Exercises for a Rotator Cuff Strain

A physiotherapist writes an advice letter to a 38-year-old man explaining the home exercise programme for a rotator cuff strain sustained during sport. This is a beginner advice case: a single diagnosis, a short exercise programme, and a clear safety net — the ideal starting point for practising patient-facing physiotherapy letters before more complex cases.

Letter type

Advice

Write to

Patient

Target length

180–200 words

The case notes

Patient: Mr Jason Webb, 38 years old, recreational tennis player

Diagnosis: Right rotator cuff strain (supraspinatus tendinopathy); diagnosed clinically and confirmed on ultrasound

Cause: Overuse injury; worsened during recent increase in tennis training

Current symptoms: Aching pain in right shoulder, especially overhead movements and sleep on that side; NRS 5/10 on aggravating movements; improving over last 2 weeks with rest

Home exercise programme: (1) Pendulum swings: 20 circles clockwise and anticlockwise, twice daily, pain-free range. (2) External rotation with theraband: 15 repetitions x 3 sets, elbow at side. (3) Scapular squeeze: hold 5 seconds x 10 repetitions. — All exercises to stay within a 3/10 pain limit.

Activity modification: Pause tennis until reviewed in 4 weeks; avoid overhead lifting above shoulder height; swimming backstroke is fine; sleep on the unaffected side or with a pillow under the arm

Pain management: Paracetamol or ibuprofen for pain; ice after exercises for 10 minutes

When to seek help: If pain significantly worsens, numbness or tingling develops in the arm, or no improvement after 4 weeks — return to the clinic

Task: Write an advice letter to Mr Webb explaining his home exercise programme and how to manage his shoulder at home.

Writing task

Write an advice letter to Mr Webb explaining his home exercise programme and how to manage his shoulder at home.

What to include, what to cut

The hardest mark to win is selection. The same case notes contain decision-relevant facts and distractors. Here is what an examiner expects to see in a Grade B letter for this scenario, and what should be left out.

Include

  • The three exercises with repetitions, sets and the pain limit (3/10)

    The patient must be able to perform the programme without guidance. Vague instructions like 'do your shoulder exercises' are not actionable. The 3/10 pain limit is the safety guide for self-progression.

  • Activity modifications: pause tennis, no overhead lifting, sleep position

    Continuing aggravating activities is the most common reason rotator cuff injuries do not recover. Concrete activity restrictions are as important as the exercises.

  • The safety net: return if pain worsens, numbness develops, or no improvement at 4 weeks

    The patient must know what to watch for and when to seek help. Numbness is a red flag that signals possible nerve involvement — different from tendinopathy.

Leave out

  • The anatomy of the rotator cuff and the supraspinatus

    A patient needs to know what the injury is in plain terms, not an anatomy lesson. 'A strain of one of the tendons that stabilises your shoulder joint' is one sentence; naming the four rotator cuff muscles is not needed.

  • The ultrasound findings in detail

    Tell the patient the ultrasound confirmed the diagnosis. The detailed findings — thickness, echogenicity — belong in the clinical record, not the patient letter.

Criterion in focus · Conciseness & Clarity

Physiotherapy advice letters are graded on whether the patient can follow the instructions without clarification. Each exercise must have three elements: what to do, how many times, and any limit. 'Pendulum swings: 20 circles in each direction, twice daily, moving your arm gently within a range that stays below 3 out of 10 pain' is complete. 'Do the pendulum exercise' is not.

Now write the letter — and find out what is blocking your Grade B

Write a 180–200 words advice letter from these notes, paste it into the free checker for an instant read, then submit it for a human grade against all six criteria. Dr Mariam's team returns line-by-line feedback, from $12.

Questions about this case note

How do I describe exercises in a patient advice letter?
Name the exercise, describe the starting position in one plain sentence, give the repetitions and sets, state the pain limit. Use everyday language: 'Let your arm hang loosely and draw small circles in the air' rather than 'perform passive circumduction in the sagittal and frontal planes'.
What is the right level of detail for a beginner physiotherapy case?
In a beginner case, there are few distractors and a single diagnosis. The skill being tested is clear structure and correct patient register — not complex clinical selection. Ensure your letter has a purpose statement, the exercise programme, the activity advice, and the safety net. Nothing more is required.

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